Well, the Soviet Union and Mao's China managed it with considerably lower levels of energy and surveillance technology than we have now. So it certainly seems possible.

As a wise man once said, it's tough to make predictions, especially about the future. However, there are a lot of indications that decentralization is the wave of the future. I hope that the current push for totalitarian control is just the death throes of a system on its way out. On the other hand, even that could last for quite a long time, and decentralized systems could still be very unpleasant in many places. It's going to get interesting, that much is for sure.